Mastering a certain knowledge of car maintenance is the basic skill of car owners. In our daily life, we will find that with the extension of driving age, people will have a deeper understanding of car maintenance. Many large and small problems can be found in time, so as to solve them quickly.

　　一、機油更換常識

　　I. Common Knowledge of Oil Replacement

　　機油多久更換一次?每次需要更換多少機油?關于機油的更換周期和用量是大家特別關注的問題，較直接的就是去查看自己的隨車保養手冊，上面一般都有很清楚的介紹。但也有不少人的保養手冊早就不見蹤影了，此時你就要多多了解打聽了。一般說來，機油的更換周期為5000公里，具體的更換周期和用量要根據車型相關信息來判斷。

　　How often do you change the oil? How much oil do you need to change each time? The replacement cycle and quantity of the oil is a matter of special concern to everyone. The most direct way is to check your on-board maintenance manual, which generally has a very clear introduction. But many people's maintenance manuals have disappeared for a long time, so you need to know more about them. Generally speaking, the replacement cycle of oil is 5000 kilometers, and the specific replacement cycle and consumption should be judged according to the relevant information of the vehicle type.

　　不是所有的車型都適合車主自己動手換機油，但我們可以學會查看機油標尺，以此來判斷機油是否到了該更換的時候。還有，更換機油的同時必須更換機油濾清器。

　　Not all models are suitable for car owners to change the oil by themselves, but we can learn to look at the oil gauge to determine whether the oil is the time to change. Also, oil filters must be replaced when oil is replaced.

　　二、防凍液使用常識

　　2. Common knowledge on the use of antifreeze

　　防凍液較好全年使用，除了防凍冷卻的功能，防凍液還有清潔、除銹、防腐的作用，減少水箱的腐蝕，保護發動機。注意防凍液的顏色要挑選正確，不要混用。

　　Antifreeze liquid is best used all year round. In addition to the function of antifreeze cooling, antifreeze liquid also has the functions of cleaning, rust removal and anticorrosion, reducing the corrosion of water tank and protecting engine. Pay attention to the color of antifreeze liquid to choose the right, do not mix.

　　三、剎車油使用常識

　　3. Common Knowledge of Brake Oil Use

　　剎車系統的功能與剎車油有著緊密的聯系，在檢查更換剎車片、剎車盤等硬件時，不要忘記看看剎車油是否需要添加更換。

　　The function of the brake system is closely related to the brake oil. When checking the replacement of brake pads, brake discs and other hardware, don't forget to see if the brake oil needs to be added and replaced.

　　四、變速箱油

　　IV. Gearbox Oil

　　為了保證車子轉向靈活，要經常檢查變速箱油，不論是齒輪油還是自動變速箱油，都要注意油品的型號，通常來說都是就高的。

　　In order to ensure the vehicle steering flexibility, it is necessary to constantly check the transmission oil, whether gear oil or automatic transmission oil, pay attention to the type of oil, which is usually high.

　　保養項目

　　Maintenance program

　　日常汽車保養項目有哪些?汽車是個很復雜的大機械，在運行中各機械部件不可避免地會產生磨損，加上外界人為、環境等因素的影響，造成汽車的損耗。根據汽車的行駛狀況，廠家都會制定相應的汽車保養項目，常見的保養項目有哪些呢?

　　What are the routine maintenance items of automobiles? Automobiles are very complex and large machinery. In operation, mechanical components will inevitably wear and tear, and the influence of external human and environmental factors will cause the loss of automobiles. According to the driving condition of the car, manufacturers will formulate the corresponding car maintenance projects. What are the common maintenance projects?

　　項目一、小保養

　　Item 1. Small Maintenance

　　小保養的內容：

　　Contents of minor maintenance:

　　小保養一般是指汽車行駛一定距離后，為保障車輛性能而在廠商規定的時間或里程做的常規保養項目。主要包括更換機油和機油濾芯。

　　Small maintenance generally refers to the routine maintenance items which are done at the time or mileage specified by the manufacturer to ensure the performance of the vehicle after a certain distance. Mainly includes the replacement of oil and oil filter.

　　小保養的間隔：

　　Interval of minor maintenance:

　　小保養的時間取決于所用機油和機油濾芯的有效時間或里程。不同品牌級別的礦物質機油、半合成機油、全合成機油有效期也不盡相同，請以廠商推薦為準。機油濾芯一般分常規及長效兩種，常規機油濾芯隨機油一起更換，長效機油濾芯使用時間更長。

　　The time of minor maintenance depends on the effective time or mileage of the oil and oil filter element used. The validity period of mineral oil, semi-synthetic oil and total synthetic oil of different brands is different, please refer to the manufacturer's recommendation. Oil filter elements are generally divided into conventional and long-term two, conventional oil filter elements are replaced with random oil, long-term oil filter elements use longer time.

　　小保養中的用品：

　　Supplies for minor maintenance:

　　1、機油就是發動機運轉的潤滑油。能對發動機起到潤滑、清潔、冷卻、密封、減磨等作用。對于降低發動機零件的磨損，延長使用壽命有著重要的意義。

　　1. Oil is the lubricant for engine operation. It can lubricate, clean, cool, seal and reduce the wear of the engine. It is of great significance to reduce wear and tear of engine parts and prolong service life.

　　2、機油濾芯機是過濾機油的部件。機油中都含有一定量的膠質、雜質、水分和添加劑;在發動機工作過程中，各部件摩擦產生的金屬屑、吸入空氣中的雜質、機油氧化物等，都是機油濾芯過濾的對象。若機油不作過濾，直接進入油路循環，將會對發動機的性能和壽命產生不利的影響。

　　2. Oil filter is a component of oil filter. Oil contains a certain amount of gum, impurities, moisture and additives. In the process of engine operation, metal scraps produced by friction of various components, impurities inhaled in the air, oil oxides, etc., are all the objects of oil filter element filtering. If the oil is not filtered and directly enters the oil circulation, it will have a negative impact on the performance and life of the engine.

　　項目二、大保養

　　Item 2. Big Maintenance

　　大保養的內容：

　　Contents of major maintenance:

　　大保養是指在廠商規定的時間或里程，進行的內容為更換機油和機油濾芯、空氣濾芯、汽油濾芯的常規保養。

　　Big maintenance refers to the routine maintenance of oil and oil filter, air filter and gasoline filter during the time or mileage specified by the manufacturer.

　　大保養的間隔：

　　Large maintenance intervals:

　　大保養是基于小保養的存在，一般這兩種保養交替進行。間隔因汽車品牌差異各有不同，具體還請以廠商推薦為準。

　　Large maintenance is based on the existence of small maintenance, usually the two kinds of maintenance alternately. The interval varies according to the brand of the car. Please refer to the manufacturer's recommendation.

　　大保養中的用品：

　　Supplies in major maintenance:

　　除了更換機油和機油濾清器之外，汽車大保養中還有以下兩個項目：
                         

　　In addition to the replacement of oil and oil filters, there are the following two items in the major maintenance of automobiles:

　　1、空氣濾清器

　　1. Air filter

　　發動機在工作過程中要吸進大量的空氣，如果空氣不經過濾，其中的塵埃會加速活塞組及氣缸的磨損。較大的顆粒進入活塞與氣缸之間，還會造成嚴重的“拉缸”現象。空氣濾芯的作用就是濾除空氣中的灰塵、顆粒，保證氣缸中進入足量、清潔的空氣。

　　The engine sucks in a lot of air during its working process. If the air is not filtered, the dust will accelerate the wear of the piston set and cylinder. Large particles entering between piston and cylinder will also cause serious "cylinder pulling" phenomenon. The function of air filter element is to filter the dust and particles in the air, so as to ensure that enough clean air is entered into the cylinder.

　　2、汽油濾清器

　　2. Gasoline filter

　　汽油濾芯的作用是為發動機提供清潔的燃油，過濾掉汽油的水分及雜質。從而使發動機性能達到較優化，同時也為發動機提供了較佳保護。

　　The function of the gasoline filter is to provide clean fuel for the engine and filter out the moisture and impurities of the gasoline. Thus, the engine performance can be optimized and the best protection can be provided for the engine at the same time.

　　通常，在進行汽車保養時，作業人員會根據車子的具體情況做其他檢查，還會增加其他保養項目，比如發動機相關系統的檢查清洗養護、輪胎的定位檢查、各緊固部件的檢查等等。

　　Usually, in vehicle maintenance, the operator will do other checks according to the specific conditions of the car, but also add other maintenance items, such as engine-related system inspection, cleaning and maintenance, tire positioning inspection, inspection of various fastening parts and so on.