自動變速箱常見故障類型?

Common types of faults in automatic transmissions

換擋異常：這是自動變速箱最常見的故障表現之一。車輛可能出現換擋延遲，例如在加速時，發動機轉速已升高，但變速箱未能及時升入相應擋位，導致動力輸出滯后；或者換擋沖擊明顯，在換擋瞬間，車輛會產生強烈的頓挫感，如同被猛推或猛拉一下。這通常是由于變速箱內部的液壓控制系統故障，如閥體磨損、電磁閥卡滯，影響了油壓的正常調節，進而干擾了換擋操作；也可能是離合器片磨損嚴重，導致動力傳遞不順暢，引發換擋異常。?

Abnormal gear shifting: This is one of the most common fault manifestations of automatic transmissions. The vehicle may experience gear shifting delays, such as when the engine speed has increased during acceleration, but the gearbox fails to shift into the corresponding gear in a timely manner, resulting in delayed power output; Or there may be a noticeable shift shock, and at the moment of shifting, the vehicle will experience a strong jerking sensation, as if it has been forcefully pushed or pulled. This is usually due to hydraulic control system failures inside the gearbox, such as valve body wear and solenoid valve jamming, which affect the normal adjustment of oil pressure and interfere with shifting operations; It may also be due to severe wear of the clutch plates, resulting in poor power transmission and abnormal gear shifting. ?

漏油問題：自動變速箱漏油較為直觀且危害較大。常見的漏油部位包括油封處，油封老化、損壞后，無法有效密封變速箱油，致使油液滲出；還有變速箱油底殼，若油底殼遭受磕碰變形，或者密封墊老化，都可能導致漏油。變速箱油的減少會使內部零件得不到充分潤滑，加劇磨損，嚴重時甚至可能引發變速箱報廢。?

Oil leakage problem: Automatic transmission oil leakage is more intuitive and harmful. Common areas of oil leakage include the oil seal. After the oil seal ages or is damaged, it cannot effectively seal the transmission oil, resulting in oil leakage; There is also the gearbox oil pan. If the oil pan is damaged or deformed due to impact, or if the sealing gasket is aged, it may cause oil leakage. The reduction of transmission oil can result in insufficient lubrication of internal components, exacerbate wear, and in severe cases, even lead to the scrapping of the transmission. ?

變速箱打滑：車輛行駛中，發動機轉速升高，但車速提升緩慢，或在爬坡、急加速等需要較大動力時，出現發動機空轉現象，這很可能是變速箱打滑。其原因主要是離合器片或制動帶磨損過度，摩擦力不足，無法有效傳遞動力；另外，變速箱油位過低、油質變差，不能形成良好的油壓和潤滑，也會導致打滑問題。?

Transmission slippage: When the engine speed increases while the vehicle is in motion, but the speed increases slowly, or when a large amount of power is needed for climbing, rapid acceleration, etc., the engine idles, which is likely due to transmission slippage. The main reason is excessive wear of clutch plates or brake belts, insufficient friction, and inability to effectively transmit power; In addition, if the transmission oil level is too low and the oil quality deteriorates, it cannot form good oil pressure and lubrication, which can also lead to slipping problems. ?

異常噪音：自動變速箱在運轉過程中，若發出刺耳的嘯叫聲、低沉的轟鳴聲或尖銳的金屬摩擦聲，都是異常噪音的表現。這可能是由于變速箱內部齒輪磨損、軸承損壞，齒輪之間的嚙合不再順暢，軸承無法平穩轉動，從而產生噪音；油泵故障也可能引發噪音，油泵工作異常會導致油壓不穩定，引起部件間的異常摩擦和振動。

Abnormal noise: If the automatic transmission makes a piercing whistling sound, low growling sound, or sharp metal friction sound during operation, it is a manifestation of abnormal noise. This may be due to internal gear wear and bearing damage in the gearbox, resulting in smoother meshing between gears and the inability of bearings to rotate smoothly, thereby generating noise; Oil pump failure may also cause noise, and abnormal operation of the oil pump can lead to unstable oil pressure, causing abnormal friction and vibration between components.

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